Scientific coordination of the INCOMED Project entitled SHADUF Traditional Water Techniques: Cultural Heritage for a Sustainable Future. The project aims to contribute to the development of a bank of information on traditional and indigenous technologies and to focus attention on the rich and diverse water saving, water irrigation and wastewater-related heritage in the Mediterranean region. It also aims to provide a model of how archaeological data integrated with historical information and traditional knowledge could create a new sense of awareness of the role of water and wastewater in society and nature, and to integrate a long-term understanding of water management with efforts to develop sustainable development strategies. The Mediterranean region provides a clear example of how water management has been inexorably linked with social, economic, and political history of the region. It also reveals the innovative ingenuity of human societies in the Mediterranean in face of climate change, and documents exchange of ideas and practices from one area to another within the region.